57A086
Sea-ice ridging in a global climate model: ice-thickness
increase vs lead formation
Torge Martin, Michael Winton
Corresponding author: Torge Martin –
ToMartin@ifm-geomar.de
The Arctic sea-ice cover underwent remarkable changes in
the past decade. The impact on, and relation to, global climate change of these
developments is subject to a wide range of ongoing research often based on
numerical models. However, the description of sea-ice processes in for instance
global climate models is often not consistent with the current knowledge of the
nature of sea ice. Neglected or only partially implemented processes may lead to
different feedbacks between sea ice and other climate components and thus yield
diverging model results. Here, we take a closer look at the impact of including
sea-ice ridging in a global climate model. Ridging occurs under convergent or
shear sea-ice motion, when floes break-up into smaller blocks which then often
pile up along the edge of the thicker floe. This process turns thin level ice
into thicker deformed ice and, as ice mass is conserved, results in the opening
of leads. During winter the ocean loses more heat to the atmosphere through
leads than through the insulating ice cover, which in turn enhances sea-ice
growth. In summer the ocean may absorb more solar radiation through leads
leading to warmer water temperatures, which then increase melting of the
adjacent ice. In order to investigate these contradictory implications of
ridging we applied the ridging scheme of Lipscomb and others (2007, JGR) to a
coupled atmosphere–sea-ice–ocean climate model. We chose a direct
derivative of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's IPCC AR4 model CM2.1.
The scheme redistributes ice between ten ice-thickness categories depending on
the state of ice motion. We carried out six experiments covering the effect of
single vs multi ice-thickness categories and ridging under two different sets of
ice and snow albedo. We found that the ridging process increases the overall
sea-ice volume significantly though the effect is smaller than that of a
generally higher albedo. It also results in a more dynamically influenced
spatial distribution of the ice mass. The two different sets of albedo show that
a thicker ice cover yields generally cooler surface temperatures in the Arctic.
However, the increased open-water area in the ridging experiments results in
slightly warmer atmosphere and ocean temperatures as well as a lower surface
albedo in summer compared with the experiments without ridging.
Go Back