57A144
The importance of wind-blown snow redistribution to
accumulation on, and mass balance of, Bellingshausen Sea ice
Katherine Leonard, Ted Maksym
Corresponding author: Katherine C Leonard –
kleonard@ldeo.columbia.edu
Snow is a dominating factor in sea-ice mass balance in
the Bellingshausen Sea through its roles in insulating the ice and contributing
to snow-ice production. The wind has long been qualitatively recognized to
impact the distribution of snow accumulation on sea ice, but the relative
importance of drifting and blowing snow have not been quantified previously in
this environment. The presence and magnitude of drifting snow were monitored
continuously along with wind speeds at two sites on an ice floe in the
Bellingshausen Sea during the October 2007 Sea Ice Mass Balance in Antarctica
(SIMBA) experiment. These drifting snow measurements are the first of their kind
collected over sea ice on the Southern Ocean. This high-resolution record of
drifting and blowing snow is combined with contemporaneous precipitation
measurements collected on board the adjacent RV
Nathaniel B. Palmer and accumulation
measurements collected at the same two sites on the sea ice by automated ice
mass-balance buoys (IMBs). The combination of these three types of instrumental
records allows us to document the proportion of snowfall that accumulated on
level ice surfaces in the presence of high winds and blowing snow conditions
during a discrete interval of time. Accumulation on the sea ice during the 21
day drift experiment averaged approximately 1 cm w.e. at both IMB sites, while
ECMWF analyses predicted 3 cm w.e. of precipitation over the ice floe during
that time. Significant changes in accumulation measured on the ice floe are
clearly associated with drifting snow and high winds. Precipitation events in
the absence of high winds resulted in temporarily increased snow depths at the
IMB sites that were rapidly eroded following the resumption of wind speeds
greater than 10 m s–1. To
place these results in a regional and temporal context, we model the snow
accumulation prior to the SIMBA experiment for comparison with in situ and
satellite estimates. These model-data comparisons are then used to quantify the
proportion of precipitation that did not accumulate but was lost through wind
redistribution.
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