57A190
Contributions of frazil- and columnar-ice growth to heat and
salt fluxes in the Storfjorden polynya
Sönke Maus
Corresponding author: Sönke Maus –
sonke.maus@gfi.uib.no
The present study investigates the ice production within
a coastal polynya maintained by wind-driven offshore sea-ice transport. Most
previous applications have assumed that ice divergence and dynamic open-water
formation in such an area are mainly related to the effective export of frazil
ice. This disregards the contributions of rapid thin-ice growth to the overall
heat loss, ice production and salt releases, and neither takes into account the
creation of open water due to ridging and rafting. Here a simple model is
formulated that takes into account these processes. The model is applied to
Storfjorden, a roughly 10 000 km² large polynya region within the Svalbard
Archipelago. During recent years the latter has received much interest in terms
of its ice and dense shelf-water production. Here it is shown that all three
mentioned processes, frazil-ice dynamics, thin columnar-ice growth, and
deformation, contribute significantly to the formation of open water and ice
export from Storfjorden. The results further demonstrate that most previous
estimates of integral ice formation and salt fluxes in the Storfjorden region
are roughly a factor of 2 too low. The study also highlights the need for
improved parameterizations of polynya dynamics and thermodynamics, as well as
observations of deformation and frazil ice in such areas.
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